Aortic Stenosis Treatment & Management

Aortic stenosis is one of the most common valvular disease in the Western world and it is also known as the third most prevalent form of cardiovascular disease which affects mainly people over age 60. Aortic Stenosis occurs when aortic valve narrows, this valve is present between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. This reduces or blocks the delivery of blood from the heart to main artery. Drug therapy for the treatment remains ineffective, and the replacement of surgical aortic valve is the only effective long-term treatment.


Classic symptoms of aortic stenosis include angina, heart failure, and loss of consciousness. Once symptoms appear, surgical aortic valve replacement should be promptly referred for the patient with severe aortic stenosis, as survival is poor unless outflow obstruction is relieved. Risk factors for aortic stenosis are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes.

The challenge is the management of severe but asymptomatic aortic stenosis. An abnormal response to exercise stress testing and elevated biomarkers may identify a higher-risk group that might benefit from closer follow-up and earlier surgery. The severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.


Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is one of the recent procedures of choice for patients at high risk normally for the patient for whom surgery is not feasible, and it might be known as an alternative to surgery in other patients at high risk even if they can undergo surgery.

Advances in prosthetic-valve design, cardiopulmonary bypass, surgical technique, and anaesthesia have steadily improved the outcomes of aortic valve surgery. Diagnosis includes Electrocardiogram, Heart catheterization, Chest X-ray. Medication:  Aortic valve repair, Aortic valve replacement, Trans-catheter aortic valve replacement.

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